电动汽车行业- 万可负载管理解决方案

利用充电基础设施的负载管理系统，可以将电动交通扩展并集成到电网中。对于电动车充电的负载管理，需要控制多个充电点的功率，以优化现有电网连接的利用率，而无需提高额定功率，甚至无需在电网接点安装新的互感器。因此，在有多个充电点的地方，通常需要采用负载管理系统以整合充电基础设施，因为楼宇、停车场和地下车库通常没有设计大型的电力储备设施。

Static load management is the simplest kind of load management system, where a preset static energy value is available to all loads. Static load management does not take any other consumers or generators into account.

An example of static load management for charging infrastructure:

Three charging stations are available with a total capacity of 22 kilowatt hours. If only one electric vehicle is charging at the three charging stations, it can be charged at the full 22 kilowatt hours. If two vehicles are connected, these 22 kilowatt hours are distributed equally among the two charging points.

Dynamic load management differs from static load management in one fundamental respect: The available energy is no longer static, but variable. In dynamic load management for charging infrastructure, the capacity is measured and dynamically distributed among the charging stations. For example, if the sun shining on solar power installations that feed into the grid, the total available charging power at the charging stations is increased to optimize utilization of the available electricity.

From the energy industry’s point of view, load management is necessary in order to keep grids stable and ensure security of supply. In the area of e-mobility, this means supplying the growing charging infrastructure with the additional electricity it needs without overloading the grid interconnection points. This requires generation and consumption – as well as storage, if applicable – to be harmonized. But renewable energy from decentralized generators fluctuates. Therefore, it is important to use surplus energy in the grid through flexible loads. This is exactly where WAGO comes in. Load management regulates the flow of energy and controls all loads, energy storage systems and generators in the energy network.

In addition to the cost of energy consumed, industrial and commercial companies and large properties whose consumption exceeds 100 megawatt hours (MWh) must pay a so-called demand charge: the price that has to be paid if the set power limit is exceeded. For the demand charge, the maximum average power consumption is calculated at a quarter-hour intervals. Normally, the quarter hour with the highest mean value is applied to the whole year. For example, with a demand charge of 110 euros per kilowatt (kW), a load peak of 1,000 kW can lead to additional annual costs of 110,000 euros. With the integration of a charging infrastructure for e-mobility, an additional consumption factor is added. Therefore, intelligent load management for energy flows is extremely important, especially for preventing peak loads (so-called “peak shaving”) in order to avoid additional costs.

Energy management is a higher-level system in which all load currents of consumers and generators are continuously measured, monitored and optimized. Energy management systems are used in intelligent networks such as smart grids, microgrids and nanogrids to improve energy efficiency. This includes real estate, industrial companies and even utilities. A fundamental goal is to minimize the consumption of auxiliary materials, additives and raw materials. Load management for charging infrastructure ensures a sensible distribution of existing loads within the energy management. So load management is only part of an overall energy management package – albeit an important one.